Background: MYELOPEROXIDASE (MPO), an iron-containing protein, is found in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils (PMNs), and catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide and chloride ions (Cl) into hypochlorous acid, which plays an important role in oxygen-dependent bacterial killing. The enzyme was first isolated in 1941, and DEFICIENCY of MPO was first described in 1954. Fewer than 5% of patients with MPO DEFICIENCY contract severe infections, which are usually fungal infections in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Besides the disorder in antifungal activity, diminished rate of bacterial (S. aureus) killing, and carcinogenesis, it seems that MPO DEFICIENCY is also related to atherosclerosis, degenerative neurologic diseases, as well as other disorders. In this study, we compared the levels of the MPO enzyme in the peripheral neutrophils of infected and non-infected DM patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2005-2006. We compared these two groups the prevalence of MPO DEFICIENCY in each group, in order to then determine any correlations this may have with infection.Methods: In this case-control study, 50 patients were in the infected group (case group) and 50 were in the control group. Patients were chosen using simple sampling methods. Data was gathered from blood samples, using a qualitative test to determine MPO DEFICIENCY (Kaplow stain), laboratory results (BUN, Cr, PMN, HbA1c), interviews and completion of a questionnaires, as well as hospital records. Data were analyzed with SPSS software using T test and chi-square test, with a confidence index of 0.05.Results: In spite of differences seen in stained slides, the MPO enzyme was positive in all of the patients, and no differences were seen between the two groups.The average patient age and the duration of DM in the case group were more than those of the control group. No statistical differences in the type of DM and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were found between the two groups. Body mass indexes (BMI) and PMN counts were higher in the case group. The most prevalent infections were in the skin and soft tissue, bones and joints, as well as chronic respiratory infections (TB), pneumonia, urinary infections, CNS infections, gastrointestinal and intra-abdominal infections, mucormycosis, and sepsis.Conclusions: We found no correlation between MPO enzyme DEFICIENCY and age, sex, type or duration of DM, HbA1c levels and BMI.

The charts of 27 patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) admitted to Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz from January 1991 to October 1998 were reviewed to identify the results of mean peroxides index (MPXI) values, a measure of neutrophil staining intensity, obtained by the Technicon H1 analyzer (Technicon Instruments Corp., Tarrytown, NY) within the first 10 days of the illness; 2 separate groups of patients were assessed as control subjects: 27 disease control (DC) children with fever plus one other KD criterion; and 27 laboratory control (Le) subjects with nonfebrile disorders interpreting also as a normal reference population. Compared with control groups, patients with KD had lower quantities of MPXI [(Meani±SD, -11.71±5.87 in KD group) vs. (1.53±4.30; p<0.001 in DC group, and 1.74±6.52, p<0.001 in LC group)]. Depending on the location of the cut-off point expressed on an interval scale, this test had the ability to be 100% specific (if MPXI<-6.0) and 100% sensitive (if MPXI>0).Considering the low prevalence of hereditary MYELOPEROXIDASE (MPO) DEFICIENCY (1 in 2000), measurement of MPXI, when performed as part of a complete count on an automated hematology instrument, could be counted as an important adjunct to clinical evaluation and also according to the low values of MPXI inpatients with KD, it can be included among the acquired causes of MPO DEFICIENCY.

Background: Evidence suggests that the serum MYELOPEROXIDASE level has a diagnostic and predictive role in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We evaluated the association between the serum MYELOPEROXIDASE level and the severity and prognosis of CHF.Patients and Methods: In a prospective observational study, patients with CHF were evaluated. The MYELOPEROXIDASE serum level was measured at baseline by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Transthoracic echocardiography was done at baseline and then after 6 months. History and duration of admission and also mortality were recorded during follow-up.Results: Fifty patients at a mean age of 64.7±1.8 years (70% male) were evaluated. The mean serum MYELOPEROXIDASE level was 51.0±6.5mg/dL. Accordingly, the patients were classified into two groups of A and B with a serum MYELOPEROXIDASE level of less and more than 51mg/dl, respectively. No differences were found between the two groups in New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA III 20.5% vs.27.3%; p value=0.456), left ventricular ejection fraction (30.3±10.0 vs.29.8±10.1%; p value=0.873), systolic dysfunction (48.7% vs.54.5%; p value=0.500), or diastolic dysfunction (38.5% vs.63.6%; p value=0.127) neither at baseline, nor at 6 months’ follow-up. The serum MYELOPEROXIDASE level was not associated with admission history or mortality.Conclusion: We found no significant association between the serum MYELOPEROXIDASE level and echocardiography parameters, admission history, or mortality in patients with CHF. Further studies with larger samples of patients are required in this regard.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Short-Chain L-3 Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrgenase DEFICIENCY may be presented in years after birth and sometimes lead to patients mortality. According to importance of nonspecific symptoms of disease and early progression that due to patient's life-threatening we decided to report clinical and biochemical manifestation of patient with SCHAD DEFICIENCY and with symptom of cardiac involvement.CASE: A 15 year old child with respiratory distress and loss of consciousness was admitted to the PICU. Patients had a history of intermittent vomiting and early fatigue during normal activity from 2 years ago. The development had been normal until now. Lab data revealed severe metabolic acidosis and in echocardiography hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, due to previous dilated cardiomyopathy with EF: 25-30% and severe dysfunction of both ventricles were reported. The patient was intubated on the second day of admission due to bradycardia and deteriorating the level of consciousness and he died on the third day of admission due to cardiopulmonary arrest. Finally, according to the high levels of 3-Hydroxy Butyryl Carnitine or (C4-OH) metabolic disease (SCHAD) was diagnosed.CONCLUSION: Symptoms of metabolic disease can be seen with dilatory in infant with normal development. Because of the low recognition of symptoms particularly cardiac involvement, delay in diagnosis can be life threatening.

Background: Chronic inflammation significantly contributes to cancer progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC). MYELOPEROXIDASE (MPO), a key enzyme produced by neutrophils, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to tissue damage and intensify inflammation.Objectives: This study examines MPO levels in CRC patients compared to healthy controls and explores the association between elevated MPO levels and other inflammatory markers, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Methods: The study included 60 participants divided into two groups: Thirty patients diagnosed with CRC and 30 healthy controls, aged between 35 and 75 years. Colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls were matched for age and sex, with no significant demographic differences between groups. MYELOPEROXIDASE, LDH, and ESR levels were measured in blood samples using standard biochemical techniques. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare levels between groups, using chi-square and t-tests to confirm the comparability of demographic characteristics. Results: MYELOPEROXIDASE levels were significantly elevated in CRC patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.01), indicating increased neutrophil activity and chronic inflammation. Colorectal cancer patients also showed elevated LDH and ESR levels, suggesting widespread cellular injury and an active inflammatory response. Furthermore, increased MPO levels positively correlated with LDH and ESR, indicating that MPO-driven ROS may contribute to tissue damage and systemic inflammation. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that elevated MPO levels in CRC patients are linked to increased inflammation and tissue damage. This study identifies MPO as a potential biomarker for CRC progression and suggests that targeting MPO-mediated inflammation could provide new therapeutic strategies for managing CRC. Further research is necessary to investigate the regulation of MPO and its potential as a therapeutic target in CRC patients.